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In vitro Cell Biology
Cell-based systems gained profile in the mid 1990s as broad spectrum screening tools for environmental toxicants. Interest in this technology has intensified through the launch of the Government's Strategy for Chemicals (December 1999) - which provides a challenging framework for the delivery of toxicological data on industrial chemicals - combined with the mushrooming public demand for alternatives to animal testing. In parallel with its evaluation work on commercial cell-based toxicity tests, LGC is developing a novel, flexible, chemically mediated amperometric technique. The hardware in high throughput microplate format, designed collaboratively and in-house, can simultaneously incorporate a range of cell types chosen to reflect the objectives of the test. This system can also use optical detection and time-resolved assay protocols (for instance, to determine chronic toxicity).

Bibliography
1. Craston D H, Farnell P, Francis J M, Gabriac S, Matthews W, Saeed M, and Sutherland I W, 'Determination of gellan gum by capillary electrophoresis and CE-MS'. Food Chem 2001, 73, 103-110.
2. Francis J M and Craston D H, 'Immunoassay for parathion without its prior removal from solution in hexane'. Analyst 1994, 119, 1801-1805.
3. Francis J M and Craston D H, 'Development of a stand-alone affinity clean-up for LSD in urine'. Analyst 1996, 121, 177-182.
3. Webb K S, Baker P B, Cassells N P, Francis J M, Johnston D E, Lancaster S L, Minty P S, Reed G D, and White S A, 'The analysis of lysergide (LSD): the development of novel enzyme immunoassay and immunoaffinity extraction procedures together with an HPLC-MS confirmation procedure'. J Forensic Sci 1996, 41, 938-946.
3. Francis J M, DTI Analytical Innovation programme: instrument evaluation: SELDI. Analytical Innovation web site: http://www.anamap.co.uk/, 2001.


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